This report published on Sunday, July 3, 2022 7:05:43 PM EDT
Thank you for selecting Dun Rite Home Inspection. We understand that a real estate purchase may be the largest expense of anyone’s life, that is why we strived to give you a comprehensive inspection report, making every reasonable effort to disclose the conditions of the property on the day of the inspection. The inspection report however will not reveal information on concealed items or items that inspector was unable to inspect on the day of inspection. We understand that the information provided to you in this report will assist you in understanding the condition of the property and assist you in making an informed purchase decision.
This inspection complies with the rules and regulations that govern the New York State Standards of Practice (Title 19 NYCRR, Part 197-5), as well as American Society of Home Inspectors’ (ASHI) Standards of Practice and the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors’ (InterNACHI) Standards of Practice.
The Home Inspection Report contains a review of the components in the following basic categories; General Information, Grounds, Exterior and Foundation, Basements/Crawl Space, Roofing, Attic and Roof Structure, Garage / Carport, Electrical, Plumbing / Fuel System, Water Heater, Heating/Ventilation/ Air-Conditioning (HVAC), Fireplaces, Kitchens, Bathrooms, Interior and Wood Destroying Organisms. Additional categories may or may not be included. This report is intended to provide you with an explanation of material defects observed on the date and time of the inspection. It does not guarantee that there may be latent defects that cannot be observed at the time and date of this inspection report due to obstructions, weather, covering, etc.
This Home Inspection Report is the exclusive property of Dun Rite Home Inspection and the client(s) listed in the report title, use of this report by any unauthorized person(s) is prohibited.
The inspection was conducted in the safest manner possible, adhering to safe practices, social distancing and preventing the spread of the covid-19 virus. At the time of inspection, the inspector was 100% vaccinated and did not have any of the symptoms associated with the Covid-19 virus. In addition the inspector has not engaged in travels outside the United States of America in the preceding three (3) months.
Dun Rite Home Inspection Anthony Ottombrino (917) 751-6405
New York State Home Inspection License # 16000127627 N.Y.S. DEC Categories/Subcategories of Certification 7c (Termite # T2904245 )
How to Read this Report
This report is organized by the property's functional areas. Within each functional area, descriptive information is listed first and is shown in bold type. Items of concern follow descriptive information.
Concerns are shown and sorted according to these types:
Safety
Poses a safety hazard
Major Defect
Correction likely involves a significant expense
Repair/Replace
Recommend repairing or replacing
Repair/Maintain
Recommend repair and/or maintenance
Minor Defect
Correction likely involves only a minor expense
Maintain
Recommend ongoing maintenance
Evaluate
Recommend evaluation by a specialist
Monitor
Recommend monitoring in the future
Comment
For your information
Click here for a glossary of building construction terms.Contact your inspector If there are terms that you do not understand, or visit the glossary of construction terms at https://www.reporthost.com/glossary.asp
Client present for discussion at end of inspection: Yes
Inspector: Anthony Ottombrino
Weather conditions during inspection: Dry (no rain), Sunny
Temperature during inspection: Hot
Ground condition: Dry
Inspection fee: $400.00
Payment method: Cash
Age of main building: 121 years old
Source for main building age: Municipal records or property listing
Front of building faces: East
Main entrance faces: East
Occupied: No
1) Structures built prior to the mid 1980s may contain lead and/or asbestos. Lead is commonly found in paint and in some plumbing components. The EPA does not recognize newer coats of paint as encapsulating older coats of lead-based paint. Asbestos is commonly found in various building materials such as insulation, siding, and/or floor and ceiling tiles. Laws were passed in 1978 to prohibit usage of lead and asbestos, but stocks of materials containing these substances remained in use for a number of years thereafter. Both lead and asbestos are known health hazards. Evaluating for the presence of lead and/or asbestos is beyond the scope of this inspection. Any mention of these materials in this report is made as a courtesy only, and meant to refer the client to a specialist. Consult with specialists as necessary, such as industrial hygienists, professional labs and/or abatement specialists for this type of evaluation. For information on lead, asbestos and other hazardous materials in homes, visit: http://www.reporthost.com/?EPA http://www.reporthost.com/?CPSC http://www.reporthost.com/?CDC
2) The natural gas service was not turned on during the inspection. The inspector operates only "normal" controls such as thermostats, stove burner knobs, and on/off switches, and does not operate gas shut-off valves or activate pilot lights. As a result, items such as but not limited to the gas supply system, gas-fired water heater(s), gas-fired forced air furnace(s), gas fireplace(s), stove(s), and range(s) weren't fully evaluated. The inspector was unable to test for gas leaks. Recommend that a qualified person make a full evaluation of the gas supply system and gas-fired appliances after the gas supply is turned back on. Any problems that are found after this evaluation should be repaired by a qualified contractor.
Limitations: Unless specifically included in the inspection, the following items and any related equipment, controls, electric systems and/or plumbing systems are excluded from this inspection: detached buildings or structures; fences and gates; retaining walls; underground drainage systems, catch basins or concealed sump pumps; swimming pools and related safety equipment, spas, hot tubs or saunas; whether deck, balcony and/or stair membranes are watertight; trees, landscaping, properties of soil, soil stability, erosion and erosion control; ponds, water features, irrigation or yard sprinkler systems; sport courts, playground, recreation or leisure equipment; areas below the exterior structures with less than 3 feet of vertical clearance; invisible fencing; sea walls, docks and boathouses; retractable awnings. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only.
Condition of fences and gates: Appeared serviceable
Fence and gate material: Chain link
Site profile: Minor slope
Condition of sidewalks and/or patios: Appeared serviceable
Sidewalk material: Poured in place concrete
Condition of decks, porches and/or balconies: Required repairs, replacement and/or evaluation (see comments below)
Deck, porch and/or balcony material: Masonry
Condition of stairs, handrails and guardrails: Required repairs, replacement and/or evaluation (see comments below)
Exterior stair material: Masonry
3) Handrails at one or more flights of stairs were missing. This is a potential fall hazard. Handrails should be installed at stairs with four or more risers or where stairs are greater than 30 inches high. Recommend that a qualified contractor install handrails where missing and per standard building practices.
Photo 3-1
4) Guardrails above retaining walls higher than 30 inches were Loose. This is a safety hazard due to the risk of falling. At a minimum, the client should be aware of this hazard, especially when children are present. Recommend that a qualified contractor install or repair guardrails per standard building practices (e.g. minimum 3 feet high, no gaps wider than 4 inches, not climbable). Dense shrubbery or vegetation may be acceptable as a barrier, but only when mature enough to be effective.
Photo 4-1 Photo 4-2
5) No drain was visible at the bottom of one or more sets of stairs. Water may accumulate at the bottom of the stairs and be a nuisance, or enter the building. Monitor drains in the future during periods of heavy rain. If water is found to accumulate, then recommend that a qualified contractor evaluate and repair as necessary to allow for drainage, and to prevent water accumulation. For example, by installing a drain, sump pump or stairwell roof.
Photo 5-1
6) Masonry steps have settled significantly, or significant cracks or deterioration were found. Recommend that a qualified contractor repair or replace steps as necessary.
Limitations: The inspector performs a visual inspection of accessible components or systems at the exterior. Items excluded from this inspection include below-grade foundation walls and footings; foundations, exterior surfaces or components obscured by vegetation, stored items or debris; wall structures obscured by coverings such as siding or trim. Some items such as siding, trim, soffits, vents and windows are often high off the ground, and may be viewed using binoculars from the ground or from a ladder. This may limit a full evaluation. Regarding foundations, some amount of cracking is normal in concrete slabs and foundation walls due to shrinkage and drying. Note that the inspector does not determine the adequacy of seismic reinforcement.
Wall inspection method: Viewed from ground
Condition of wall exterior covering: Appeared serviceable
Apparent wall structure: Wood frame
Wall covering: Vinyl
Condition of foundation and footings: Required repairs, replacement and/or evaluation (see comments below)
Apparent foundation type: Crawl space
7) The parging (decorative coating) on one or more foundation walls was damaged or deteriorated. This is not a structural concern, but the client may want this repaired for appearance's sake.
Photo 7-1 Photo 7-2
Photo 7-3 Photo 7-4
8) One or more holes or gaps were found in or below the foundation. Vermin may enter the building substructure as a result. Recommend that a qualified person repair as necessary.
Photo 8-1 Photo 8-2
9) Caulk was missing and/or deteriorated in some areas. For example, around windows, around doors and/or at siding-trim junctions. Recommend that a qualified person renew or install caulk as necessary. Where gaps are wider than 1/4 inch, an appropriate material other than caulk should be used. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?CAULK
Photo 9-1 Photo 9-2
Photo 9-3 Photo 9-4 Caulk missing from light fixture.
10) recommend replacing basement egress door. this door is badly rusted and dose not function properly repair replace by a qualified contractor.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: private/shared wells and related equipment; private sewage disposal systems; hot tubs or spas; main, side and lateral sewer lines; gray water systems; pressure boosting systems; trap primers; incinerating or composting toilets; fire suppression systems; water softeners, conditioners or filtering systems; plumbing components concealed within the foundation or building structure, or in inaccessible areas such as below tubs; underground utilities and systems; overflow drains for tubs and sinks; backflow prevention devices. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not operate water supply or shut-off valves due to the possibility of valves leaking or breaking when operated. The inspector does not test for lead in the water supply, the water pipes or solder, does not determine if plumbing and fuel lines are adequately sized, and does not determine the existence or condition of underground or above-ground fuel tanks.
Water service: Public
Water pressure (psi): NOT DETERMIND
Location of main water meter: CRAWL SPACE
Location of main water shut-off: Crawl space
Service pipe material: Copper
Supply pipe material: Copper, PEX plastic
Waste pipe material: Plastic, Cast iron
Location(s) of plumbing clean-outs: Crawl space
Vent pipe condition: Appeared serviceable
Vent pipe material: Cast iron
Sump pump installed: Yes
Condition of sump pump: Appeared serviceable
11) One or more black steel gas supply pipes had substandard support or were loose. Gas leaks may occur as a result. Black steel gas supply pipes should have approved hangers every 6-8 feet. Hangers should be made from steel to prevent the pipes and hangers from corroding due to contact of dissimilar metals. Recommend that a qualified person install hangers or secure pipes per standard building practices.
Photo 11-1
12) Copper water supply pipes were installed. Copper pipes installed prior to the late 1980s may be joined with solder that contains lead, which is a known health hazard especially for children. Laws were passed in 1985 prohibiting the use of lead in solder, but prior to that solder normally contained approximately 50% lead. The client should be aware of this, especially if children will be using this water supply system. Note that the inspector does not test for toxic materials such as lead. The client should consider having a qualified lab test for lead, and if necessary take steps to reduce or remove lead from the water supply. Various solutions include:
Flush water taps or faucets. Do not drink water that has been sitting in the plumbing lines for more than 6 hours
Install appropriate filters at points of use
Use only cold water for cooking and drinking, as hot water dissolves lead more quickly than cold water
Use bottled or distilled water
Treat well water to make it less corrosive
Have a qualified plumber replace supply pipes and/or plumbing components as necessary
13) One or more leaks were found in waste pipes or fittings. A qualified plumber should evaluate and repair as necessary.
Recommend a further sewer scope of the main sewer line due to the age of the building.
Photo 13-1
14) Water supply pipes in the crawl space were not insulated. Recommend insulating pipes per standard building practices to prevent them from freezing during cold weather, and for better energy efficiency with hot water supply pipes.
15) No hose bibs were found. Recommend that a qualified plumber install one or more hose bibs for convenience, and per standard building practices (e.g. frost-free with anti-siphon device).
16) The sump pump is connected to discharge into the main sewer line this is not a legal practice, all connections should be discharged outdoors or into a storm drain. Recommend a qualified contractor repair as per standard building practice.
Photo 16-1
17) One or more plastic PEX water supply pipes had substandard support or were loose. Leaks can occur as a result. PEX supply pipes should have approved hangers every 32-36 inches when run horizontally. Special hangers that allow movement from expansion and that won't damage the soft plastic piping should be used. Recommend that a qualified person install hangers or secure pipes per standard building practices.
Photo 17-1 Photo 17-2
Photo 17-3
18) One or more ABS or PVC plastic drain pipes had substandard support or were loose. Leaks can occur as a result. Such pipes should have hangers every 4 feet when run horizontally. Recommend that a qualified person install hangers or secure pipes per standard building practices.
Photo 18-1 Photo 18-2
Photo 18-3 Photo 18-4
19) One or more waste line clean-out caps were missing, damaged or substandard. Leaks can occur or sewer gases can enter living spaces as a result. Recommend that a qualified plumber replace the cap(s) as necessary.
20) The oil storage tank on this property was located close to a ground water and posed a risk of water contamination if the tank leaks or falls over. Consult with the local municipality and/or a qualified, full-service oil company to determine if action needs to be taken to reduce or eliminate this risk.
as per inspecting the crawl space found oil residue throughout the area. the home owner indicated that an oil tank had been removed , found oil absorbing material throughout the area as well as oil on the floor. recommend further clean up by qualified contractors as this can pose serious health risks. Brief exposure to fuel oil will not usually cause long-term harm. However, breathing fuel oil vapors in an enclosed space like a basement can cause some short term symptoms. At high concentrations (like those in large spill situations), symptoms can include nausea, dizziness, and eye, nose, or throat irritation. Getting fuel oil on the skin can cause skin irritation. Some individuals may be more sensitive to these effects than others. Even at low concentrations, the strong odor of fuel oil can still make many people feel ill. Getting to fresh air will usually relieve these symptoms.
Very long-term exposure to fuel oil odors in the home (exposure for many years) has the potential for more serious health problems. These include liver and kidney damage, increased blood pressure, other blood problems, and cancer. A simple “rule of thumb” is if you can smell fuel oil, there is an exposure risk.
Photo 20-1 Photo 20-2
Photo 20-3 Photo 20-4
21) Based on the age of this structure and/or worn or newer waste clean-out caps, recommend that a qualified plumber inspect the waste lines using a video scope device to determine if they need repair or replacement. Property owners are usually responsible for repairs to the side sewer and publicly owned lateral lines. Such repairs can be expensive.
22) A sump pump was installed in the crawl space. These are specialty systems and only a limited evaluation was performed as part of this inspection. The inspector does not determine the adequacy of sump pumps and their associated drainage systems. The presence of a sump pump may indicate that water routinely accumulates below or inside the structure. Recommend asking the property owner how often the sump pump operates and for how long at different times of the year. The client should be aware that the service life of most sump pumps is 5-7 years, and that the pump may need replacing soon depending on its age and how often it operates.
Photo 22-1
23) What appeared to be the main water shut-off valve was located in the crawl space. This is an inconvenient location at best, and may prevent the water from being turned off in a timely manner in the event of a plumbing emergency. Consider having a qualified plumber relocate the shut-off valve to a more convenient location, such as in a closet or a cabinet under a sink.
Limitations: Evaluation of and determining the adequacy or completeness of the following items are not included in this inspection: water recirculation pumps; solar water heating systems; Energy Smart or energy saver controls; catch pan drains. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not provide an estimate of remaining life on water heaters, does not determine if water heaters are appropriately sized, or perform any evaluations that require a pilot light to be lit or a shut-off valve to be operated.
Condition of water heater: Appeared serviceable
Type: Tank
Energy source: Natural gas
Capacity (in gallons): 40
Temperature-pressure relief valve installed: Yes
Manufacturer: Rheem
Model number: XG40S09HE38U0
Serial number: Q012234018
Location of water heater: Crawl space
Hot water temperature tested: Yes
Water temperature (degrees Fahrenheit): 122
Condition of burners: Appeared serviceable
24) Water heater missing sediment trap. sediment traps are designed to catch sediment, in natural gas, before it enters into the water heater or furnace gas valve. Different areas have different contaminants in the gas, and the traps help catch these. most water heaters do not have sediment traps in them. When new water heaters are installed , it is generally one of the requirements when a permit is obtained and it is recommended by the water heater manufacturer.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: humidifiers, dehumidifiers, electronic air filters; solar, coal or wood-fired heat systems; thermostat or temperature control accuracy and timed functions; heating components concealed within the building structure or in inaccessible areas; underground utilities and systems; safety devices and controls (due to automatic operation). Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not provide an estimate of remaining life on heating or cooling system components, does not determine if heating or cooling systems are appropriately sized, does not test coolant pressure, or perform any evaluations that require a pilot light to be lit, a shut-off valve to be operated, a circuit breaker to be turned "on" or a serviceman's or oil emergency switch to be operated. It is beyond the scope of this inspection to determine if furnace heat exchangers are intact and free of leaks. Condensation pans and drain lines may clog or leak at any time and should be monitored while in operation in the future. Where buildings contain furnishings or stored items, the inspector may not be able to verify that a heat source is present in all "liveable" rooms (e.g. bedrooms, kitchens and living/dining rooms).
General heating system type(s): Furnace
General heating distribution type(s): Pipes and convectors
Boiler model #: GWA-100-N-T
Boiler serial number: 3
25) The furnace and/or boiler heating system was not fully evaluated because the gas supply was off and/or electricity supply was off. Recommend that a full evaluation be made by a qualified person when conditions have been corrected so the system is operable. Note that the inspector does not operate shut-off valves, pilot lights or circuit breakers, or any controls other than normal controls (thermostat).
26) The venting for the boiler and water heater should be reversed lower BTU should vent before larger BTU appliance in order to prevent backdraft through water heater, as illustrated in diagram below.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: coal stoves, gas logs, chimney flues (except where visible). Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not determine the adequacy of drafting or sizing in fireplace and stove flues, and also does not determine if prefabricated or zero-clearance fireplaces are installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. The inspector does not perform any evaluations that require a pilot light to be lit, and does not light fires. The inspector provides a basic visual examination of a chimney and any associated wood burning device. The National Fire Protection Association has stated that an in-depth Level 2 chimney inspection should be part of every sale or transfer of property with a wood-burning device. Such an inspection may reveal defects that are not apparent to the home inspector who is a generalist.
Condition of chimneys and flues: Appeared serviceable, Required repair, replacement and/or evaluation (see comments below)
27) No spark screen or rain cap was installed at one or more chimney flue terminations. Spark screens reduce the chance of embers exiting the flue and causing fires. They also prevent wildlife (e.g. birds, rodents, raccoons) from entering flues. Rain caps prevent water from entering flues, mixing with combustion deposits and creating caustic chemicals which can corrode flues. They also prevent damage to masonry from freeze-thaw cycles and prevent metal components (e.g. dampers, metal firebox liners) from rusting. Recommend that a qualified person install rain caps with spark screens per standard building practices where missing.
Photo 27-1
28) One or more gas-fired appliances such as a furnace or water heater used a masonry chimney for venting, and no metal flue liner was visible. Metal liners should be installed to prevent drafting problems from an over-sized flue, to prevent corrosive exhaust gases from damaging the masonry chimney, and to prevent exhaust gases from leaking through gaps or seams in the chimney. This is a potential safety hazard. Recommend that a qualified contractor repair per standard building practices. For example, by installing a metal liner. For more information search for "liner" at: https://www.reporthost.com/?CSIA
Photo 28-1
29) One or more masonry chimney crowns were cracked. Crowns are meant to keep water off of the chimney structure and prevent damage from freeze-thaw cycles. Chimney crowns are commonly constructed by mounding concrete or mortar on the top chimney surface, however this is substandard. A properly constructed chimney crown should:
Be constructed using either precast concrete slabs, cast-in-place steel reinforced concrete, solid stone, or metal
Be sloped down from the flue a minimum of 3 inches of fall per foot of run
Extend a minimum of 2 1/2 inches beyond the face of the chimney on all sides
Not directly contact the flue liner (if installed), with the gap filled with flexible caulk
Have flashing installed between the bottom of the crown and the top of the brick chimney
Recommend that a qualified contractor repair or replace crowns as necessary, and per standard building practices.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: household appliances such as stoves, ovens, cook tops, ranges, warming ovens, griddles, broilers, dishwashers, trash compactors, refrigerators, freezers, ice makers, hot water dispensers and water filters; appliance timers, clocks, cook functions, self and/or continuous cleaning operations, thermostat or temperature control accuracy, and lights. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not provide an estimate of the remaining life of appliances, and does not determine the adequacy of operation of appliances. The inspector does not note appliance manufacturers, models or serial numbers and does not determine if appliances are subject to recalls. Areas and components behind and obscured by appliances are inaccessible and excluded from this inspection.
Condition of sinks and related plumbing: Appeared serviceable
Condition of dishwasher: Appeared serviceable
Condition of ranges, cooktops and/or ovens: Appeared serviceable
Range, cooktop, oven type: Natural gas
Type of ventilation: Hood or built into microwave over range or cooktop, Down draft exhaust
Condition of refrigerator: Appeared serviceable
Condition of built-in microwave oven: Appeared serviceable
30) The dishwasher was . Recommend that a qualified specialist evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.
31) The exhaust fan over the range recirculated the exhaust air back into the kitchen. This may be due to no duct being installed, baffles not being installed, or problems with duct work. This can be a nuisance for odor and grease accumulation. Where a gas-fired range or cook top is installed, carbon monoxide and excessive levels of moisture can accumulate in living spaces. Recommend that a qualified contractor evaluate and repair as necessary so exhaust air is ducted outdoors.
32) No water connection, found under sink water line not connected to water source recommend a qualified plumber make repairs as per standards of practice.
Photo 32-1
33) The gas supply for the range was inoperable (e.g. turned off, not plugged in, circuit breaker off) and the inspector was unable to fully evaluate. Repairs may be needed. If concerned, have a qualified person fully evaluate.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: overflow drains for tubs and sinks; heated towel racks, saunas, steam generators, clothes washers, clothes dryers. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not determine the adequacy of washing machine drain lines, washing machine catch pan drain lines, or clothes dryer exhaust ducts. The inspector does not operate water supply or shut-off valves for sinks, toilets, bidets, clothes washers, etc. due to the possibility of valves leaking or breaking when operated. The inspector does not determine if shower pans or tub and shower enclosures are water tight, or determine the completeness or operability of any gas piping to laundry appliances.
Location #A: Half bath, first floor
Location #B: Full bath, second floor
Condition of counters: Appeared serviceable
Condition of cabinets: Appeared serviceable
Condition of flooring: Appeared serviceable
Condition of sinks and related plumbing: Appeared serviceable
Condition of toilets: Appeared serviceable
Condition of bathtubs and related plumbing: Appeared serviceable
34) The bathroom with a shower or bathtub at location(s) #B didn't have an exhaust fan installed. Moisture can accumulate and result in mold, bacteria or fungal growth. Even if the bathroom has a window that opens, it may not provide adequate ventilation, especially during cold weather when windows are closed or when wind blows air into the bathroom. Recommend that a qualified contractor install exhaust fans per standard building practices where missing in bathrooms with showers or bathtubs.
35) The laundry room didn't have an exhaust fan installed. Moisture can accumulate and result in mold, bacteria or fungal growth. Recommend that a qualified contractor install an exhaust fan per standard building practices.
36) No exhaust duct was installed for the clothes dryer. Clothes dryers produce large amounts of moisture which should not enter structure interiors. Moisture can accumulate and result in mold, bacteria or fungal growth. A rigid or semi-rigid metal exhaust duct should be installed per standard building practices, and by a qualified contractor if necessary. For information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?DRYER
37) The bathtub at location(s) #B drained slowly. Recommend clearing drain and/or that a qualified plumber repair if necessary.
Photo 37-1
38) Ribbed, flexible drain pipe was used at the sink at location(s) #B. This type of drain pipe accumulates debris more easily than smooth wall pipe and is likely to clog. Recommend that a qualified plumber replace flexible piping with standard plumbing components (smooth wall pipe) to prevent clogged drains.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: security, intercom and sound systems; communications wiring; central vacuum systems; elevators and stair lifts; cosmetic deficiencies such as nail-pops, scuff marks, dents, dings, blemishes or issues due to normal wear and tear in wall, floor and ceiling surfaces and coverings, or in equipment; deficiencies relating to interior decorating; low voltage and gas lighting systems. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not evaluate any areas or items which require moving stored items, furnishings, debris, equipment, floor coverings, insulation or similar materials. The inspector does not test for asbestos, lead, radon, mold, hazardous waste, urea formaldehyde urethane, or any other toxic substance. Some items such as window, drawer, cabinet door or closet door operability are tested on a sampled basis. The client should be aware that paint may obscure wall and ceiling defects, floor coverings may obscure floor defects, and furnishings may obscure wall, floor and floor covering defects. If furnishings were present during the inspection, recommend a full evaluation of walls, floors and ceilings that were previously obscured when possible. Carpeting and flooring, when installed over concrete slabs, may conceal moisture. If dampness wicks through a slab and is hidden by floor coverings that moisture can result in unhygienic conditions, odors or problems that will only be discovered when/if the flooring is removed. Determining the cause and/or source of odors is not within the scope of this inspection.
Condition of exterior entry doors: Appeared serviceable
Exterior door material: Metal, Glass panel
Condition of interior doors: Appeared serviceable
Condition of windows and skylights: Appeared serviceable, Required repair, replacement and/or evaluation (see comments below)
Type(s) of windows: Vinyl, Wood, Multi-pane, Single-pane, Double-hung
Condition of walls and ceilings: Appeared serviceable
Wall type or covering: Drywall
Ceiling type or covering: Drywall
Condition of flooring: Appeared serviceable
Flooring type or covering: Laminate
Condition of stairs, handrails and guardrails: Appeared serviceable
39) Treads for stairs at one or more locations were less than 10 inches deep and pose a fall or trip hazard. Stair treads should be at least 10 inches deep. At a minimum, be aware of this hazard, especially when guests who are not familiar with the stairs are present. Recommend that a qualified contractor repair per standard building practices.
Photo 39-1
40) The glazing compound or caulk that holds glass panes in one or more windows was deteriorated and/or substandard. Air and/or water can leak through windows, and wood window frames are prone to rot. This is a conducive condition for wood-destroying organisms. Recommend that a qualified person replace glazing compound as necessary. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?PUTTY
Photo 40-1 Photo 40-2
Photo 40-3
41) repair and replace crawl space window by a qualified contractor as per standards of building practice.
Limitations: The following items or areas are not included in this inspection: areas that could not be traversed or viewed clearly due to lack of access; solar roofing components. Any comments made regarding these items are made as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not provide an estimate of remaining life on the roof surface material, nor guarantee that leaks have not occurred in the roof surface, skylights or roof penetrations in the past. Regarding roof leaks, only active leaks, visible evidence of possible sources of leaks, and evidence of past leaks observed during the inspection are reported on as part of this inspection. The inspector does not guarantee or warrant that leaks will not occur in the future. Complete access to all roof and attic spaces during all seasons and during prolonged periods of all types of weather conditions (e.g. high wind and rain, melting snow) would be needed to do so. Occupants should monitor the condition of roofing materials in the future. For older roofs, recommend that a professional inspect the roof surface, flashings, appurtenances, etc. annually and maintain/repair as might be required. If needed, the roofer should enter attic space(s). Regarding the roof drainage system, unless the inspection was conducted during and after prolonged periods of heavy rain, the inspector was unable to determine if gutters, downspouts and extensions perform adequately or are leak-free.
Age of roof surface(s): based on information from a neighbor living there for more than 25 years claims the roof has not been replaced.
Roof inspection method: Viewed from ground, with drone
Condition of roof surface material: Near, at or beyond service life
Roof surface material: Asphalt or fiberglass composition shingles
Roof type: Gable
Condition of exposed flashings: Near, at or beyond service life
Condition of gutters, downspouts and extensions: Appeared serviceable
Gutter and downspout material: Metal
42) The roof surface appeared to be near the end of its service life and will likely need replacing in the near future even if repairs are made now. Recommend discussing replacement options with a qualified contractor, and budgeting for a replacement roof surface in the near future. The client may also wish to consider having a qualified contractor attempt to issue a "5 year roof certificate."
43) Substandard repairs were found at one or more locations on the roof surface. Leaks can occur as a result. This is a conducive condition for wood-destroying organisms. Recommend that a qualified contractor evaluate and repair per standard building practices.
Photo 43-1 Photo 43-2
Photo 43-3
44) Extensions such as splash blocks or drain pipes for one or more downspouts were missing. Water can accumulate around the building foundation or inside crawl spaces or basements as a result. Recommend that a qualified person install, replace or repair extensions as necessary so rainwater drains away from the structure.
Photo 44-1 Photo 44-2
45) Sealant was used at one or more roof penetrations (e.g. pipes, vents, chimneys) rather than flashing. Sealant is not required for most roof penetrations when installations of such items are done professionally and per standard building practices. The presence of sealant suggests that work was performed by someone who was not a qualified contractor. The sealant will be a maintenance issue in the future since it must be renewed periodically. Recommend that a qualified contractor repair where necessary and per standard building practices. For example, by removing sealant and installing flashing.
Photo 45-1 Photo 45-2
46) One or more were loose. Rainwater can come in contact with the building exterior or accumulate around the building foundation as a result. This is a conducive condition for wood-destroying organisms. Recommend that a qualified person repair as necessary.
Limitations: The following items or areas are not included in this inspection: areas that could not be traversed or viewed clearly due to lack of access; areas and components obscured by insulation. Any comments made regarding these items are made as a courtesy only. The inspector does not determine the adequacy of the attic ventilation system. Complete access to all roof and attic spaces during all seasons and during prolonged periods of all types of weather conditions (e.g. high/low temperatures, high/low humidity, high wind and rain, melting snow) would be needed to do so. The inspector is not a licensed engineer and does not determine the adequacy of roof structure components such as trusses, rafters or ceiling beams, or their spacing or sizing.
Attic inspection method: Traversed
Location of attic access point #A: Hallway
Condition of roof structure: Appeared serviceable
Roof structure type: Rafters
Ceiling structure: Ceiling joists
Condition of insulation in attic (ceiling, skylight chase, etc.):
Vapor retarder: None visible
Condition of roof ventilation: Appeared serviceable
Roof ventilation type: windows
Condition of insulation in attic (ceiling, skylight chase, etc.):
Ceiling insulation material: Mineral wool loose fill
47) The ceiling insulation installed in the attic was substandard and appeared to have an R rating that's significantly less than current standards (R-38). Heating and cooling costs will likely be higher due to poor energy efficiency. Recommend that a qualified contractor install insulation for better energy efficiency and per standard building practices.
48) The ceiling insulation in one or more areas of the attic was compacted or uneven. Heating and cooling costs may be higher due to reduced energy efficiency. Recommend that a qualified person repair, replace or install insulation as necessary and per standard building practices (typically R-38).
49) What appeared to be past water stains were visible on the roof structure at one or more locations in the attic. However, no elevated levels of moisture were found at these stains during the inspection. The stains may have been caused by a past leak. Recommend asking the property owner about past leaks. Monitor these areas in the future, especially after heavy rains to determine if active leaks exist. If leaks are found, recommend that a qualified contractor evaluate and repair as necessary.
Photo 49-1 Photo 49-2
Photo 49-3
50) Microbial staining was visible on roof sheathing in the attic. Such staining usually occurs due to elevated humidity in the attic, and subsequent elevated moisture levels in the sheathing. When humid attic conditions have been corrected, it's likely that such staining will stop growing. Humid conditions often occur during construction when large volumes of water evaporate from paint and drywall mud, and can then return to normal, dryer levels. However, ongoing ventilation and/or insulation issues can also result in humid conditions. Please note any other comments in this report related to ventilation, insulation and/or moisture levels in the attic, and make any related recommended corrections. After issues related to the moisture conditions have been corrected, the clients may or may not wish to have mitigation work performed for the biological staining. Typically mold abatement specialists perform such work and may do the following:
Remove affected attic insulation
Clean microbial staining from wood surfaces
Treat wood surfaces with mildewcides
Prime wood with special primers
Install new attic insulation
Note that the inspector is not a mold specialist or industrial hygienist and provides no professional opinion on health issues related to microbial growth.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: generator systems, transfer switches, surge suppressors, inaccessible or concealed wiring; underground utilities and systems; low-voltage lighting or lighting on timers or sensors. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not determine the adequacy of grounding or bonding, if this system has an adequate capacity for the client's specific or anticipated needs, or if this system has any reserve capacity for additions or expansion. The inspector does not operate circuit breakers as part of the inspection, and does not install or change light bulbs. The inspector does not evaluate every wall switch or receptacle, but instead tests a representative number of them per various standards of practice. When furnishings, stored items or child-protective caps are present some receptacles are usually inaccessible and are not tested; these are excluded from this inspection. Receptacles that are not of standard 110 volt configuration, including 240-volt dryer receptacles, are not tested and are excluded. The functionality of, power source for and placement of smoke and carbon monoxide alarms is not determined as part of this inspection. Upon taking occupancy, proper operating and placement of smoke and carbon monoxide alarms should be verified and batteries should be changed. These devices have a limited lifespan and should be replaced every 10 years. The inspector attempts to locate and evaluate all main and sub-panels. However, panels are often concealed. If panels are found after the inspection, a qualified electrician should evaluate and repair if necessary. The inspector attempts to determine the overall electrical service size, but such estimates are not guaranteed because the overall capacity may be diminished by lesser-rated components in the system. Any repairs recommended should be made by a licensed electrician.
Limitations: The following items are not included in this inspection: generator systems, transfer switches, surge suppressors, inaccessible or concealed wiring; underground utilities and systems; low-voltage lighting or lighting on timers or sensors. Any comments made regarding these items are as a courtesy only. Note that the inspector does not determine the adequacy of grounding or bonding, if this system has an adequate capacity for the client's specific or anticipated needs, or if this system has any reserve capacity for additions or expansion. The inspector does not operate circuit breakers as part of the inspection, and does not install or change light bulbs. The inspector does not evaluate every wall switch or receptacle, but instead tests a representative number of them per various standards of practice. When furnishings, stored items or child-protective caps are present some receptacles are usually inaccessible and are not tested; these are excluded from this inspection. Receptacles that are not of standard 110 volt configuration, including 240-volt dryer receptacles, are not tested and are excluded. The functionality of, power source for and placement of smoke and carbon monoxide alarms is not determined as part of this inspection. Upon taking occupancy, proper operating and placement of smoke and carbon monoxide alarms should be verified and batteries should be changed. These devices have a limited lifespan and should be replaced every 10 years. The inspector attempts to locate and evaluate all main and sub-panels. However, panels are often concealed. If panels are found after the inspection, a qualified electrician should evaluate and repair if necessary. The inspector attempts to determine the overall electrical service size, but such estimates are not guaranteed because the overall capacity may be diminished by lesser-rated components in the system. Any repairs recommended should be made by a licensed electrician.
Electric service condition: Appeared serviceable
Electric service condition: Appeared serviceable
Primary service type: Overhead
Primary service type: Overhead
Number of service conductors: 3
Number of service conductors: 3
Service voltage (volts): 120-240
Service voltage (volts): 120-240
Estimated service amperage: 100
Estimated service amperage: 100
Primary service overload protection type: Circuit breakers
Primary service overload protection type: Circuit breakers
Service entrance conductor material: Stranded copper
Service entrance conductor material: Stranded copper
Main disconnect rating (amps): 100
Main disconnect rating (amps): 100
System ground: Cold water supply pipes
System ground: Cold water supply pipes
Condition of main service panel: Appeared serviceable
Condition of main service panel: Appeared serviceable
Location of main service panel #A: CRAWL SPACE
Location of main service panel #A: CRAWL SPACE
Location of main disconnect: Breaker at top of main service panel
Location of main disconnect: Breaker at top of main service panel
Arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) protection present: No
Arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) protection present: No
Smoke alarms installed: No, recommend install
Smoke alarms installed: No, recommend install
Carbon monoxide alarms installed: No, recommend install
Carbon monoxide alarms installed: No, recommend install
51) Substandard wiring was found at the crawl space. For example, exposed wiring and/or missing or broken cover plates. This is a safety hazard. Recommend that a qualified electrician evaluate and repair as necessary and per standard building practices.
Photo 51-1 Photo 51-2
Photo 51-3
52) One or more electric receptacles at the kitchen had no visible ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protection, or the inspector was unable to determine if GFCI protection was present. If not GFCI-protected, receptacles in wet areas pose a shock hazard. Recommend that a qualified electrician evaluate and install GFCI protection if necessary and per standard building practices. General guidelines for GFCI-protected receptacles include the following locations:
Outdoors (since 1973)
Bathrooms (since 1975)
Garages (since 1978)
Kitchens (since 1987)
Crawl spaces and unfinished basements (since 1990)
53) One or more electric receptacles at the bedroom(s), kitchen, family room and/or laundry area had no visible arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) protection, or the inspector was unable to determine if AFCI protection was present. This is a potential safety hazard. Recommend that a qualified electrician evaluate and install AFCI protection if necessary and per standard building practices. General guidelines for AFCI-protected receptacles include the following locations:
Bedrooms (since 1999)
Kitchens, laundry areas, family rooms, dining rooms, living rooms, parlors, libraries, dens and recreation rooms, sunrooms, closets and hallways (since 2014)
54) One or more electric receptacles at the bedroom(s), kitchen, family room and/or laundry area had no visible arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) protection, or the inspector was unable to determine if AFCI protection was present. This is a potential safety hazard. Recommend that a qualified electrician evaluate and install AFCI protection if necessary and per standard building practices. General guidelines for AFCI-protected receptacles include the following locations:
Bedrooms (since 1999)
Kitchens, laundry areas, family rooms, dining rooms, living rooms, parlors, libraries, dens and recreation rooms, sunrooms, closets and hallways (since 2014)
55) One or more circuit breakers in panel(s) #A were "double tapped," where two or more wires were installed in the breaker's lug. Most breakers are designed for only one wire to be connected. This is a safety hazard since the lug bolt can tighten securely against one wire but leave other(s) loose. Arcing, sparks and fires can result. Recommend that a qualified electrician repair as necessary. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?DBLTAP
Photo 55-1 Photo 55-2
56) Neutral wires were doubled or bundled together under the same lug on the neutral bus bar in panel(s) #. This is a potential safety hazard in the event that one of the circuits needs to be isolated during servicing. For one neutral to be disconnected, other neutrals from energized circuits sharing the same lug will be loosened. Power surges may result on the energized circuits and result in damage or fire. Also, multiple wires under the same lug may not be secure, resulting in loose wires, arcing, sparks and fire. Recommend that a qualified electrician repair per standard building practices. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?DTNB
Photo 56-1
57) One or more modern, 3-slot electric receptacles were found with an open ground. Three-slot receptacles should have a hot, a neutral and a ground wire connected. Homeowners often install new 3-slot receptacles on older, 2-wire circuits that only have hot and neutral wires. This is a shock hazard when appliances that require a ground are used with these receptacles. Examples of such appliances include computers and related hardware, refrigerators, freezers, portable air conditioners, clothes washers, aquarium pumps, and electrically operated gardening tools. Where the electric system was installed prior to when grounded circuits were required (1960s), it is permissible to replace 3-slot receptacles with 2-slot receptacles to prevent appliances that require a ground from being plugged in to an ungrounded circuit. However, the client should be aware of this limitation when planning use for various rooms, such as an office. For newer electric systems, circuits should be repaired so grounded, 3-wire cables provide power to 3-slot receptacles. Recommend that a qualified electrician repair per standard building practices.
Photo 57-1
58) No permanently installed smoke alarms were found. This is a potential safety hazard. A qualified electrician should install smoke alarms per standard building practices (e.g. in hallways leading to bedrooms, in each bedroom, on each floor and in attached garages). For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?SMKALRM
59) Smoke alarms were missing from one or more bedrooms, from one or more hallways leading to bedrooms and/or on one or more levels. Smoke alarms should be installed as necessary so a functioning alarm exists in each hallway leading to bedrooms, in each bedroom and on each level. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?SMKALRM
60) One or more circuit breakers in panel(s) #A were "double tapped," where two or more wires were installed in the breaker's lug. Most breakers are designed for only one wire to be connected. This is a safety hazard since the lug bolt can tighten securely against one wire but leave other(s) loose. Arcing, sparks and fires can result. Recommend that a qualified electrician repair as necessary. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?DBLTAP
Photo 60-1 Photo 60-2
61) One or more modern, 3-slot electric receptacles were found with an open ground. Three-slot receptacles should have a hot, a neutral and a ground wire connected. Homeowners often install new 3-slot receptacles on older, 2-wire circuits that only have hot and neutral wires. This is a shock hazard when appliances that require a ground are used with these receptacles. Examples of such appliances include computers and related hardware, refrigerators, freezers, portable air conditioners, clothes washers, aquarium pumps, and electrically operated gardening tools. Where the electric system was installed prior to when grounded circuits were required (1960s), it is permissible to replace 3-slot receptacles with 2-slot receptacles to prevent appliances that require a ground from being plugged in to an ungrounded circuit. However, the client should be aware of this limitation when planning use for various rooms, such as an office. For newer electric systems, circuits should be repaired so grounded, 3-wire cables provide power to 3-slot receptacles. Recommend that a qualified electrician repair per standard building practices.
Photo 61-1
62) One or more knockouts were missing from panel(s) #A. Holes in panels are a potential fire hazard if a malfunction ever occurs inside the panel. Rodents can also enter panels through holes. Recommend that a qualified person install knockout covers where missing and per standard building practices.
Photo 62-1
63) No permanently installed carbon monoxide alarms were found. This is a potential safety hazard. Some states and/or municipalities require CO alarms to be installed for new construction and/or for homes being sold. Recommend installing approved CO alarms outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms on each level and in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?COALRM
64) Carbon monoxide alarms were missing from one or more sleeping areas and/or on one or more levels. This is a potential safety hazard. Some states and/or municipalities require CO alarms to be installed in the vicinity of each sleeping area, on each level and in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Recommend installing additional carbon monoxide alarms per these standards. For more information, visit: https://www.reporthost.com/?COALRM
65) One or more screws used to secure the cover or dead front to panel(s) #A had sharply pointed tips or were too long. Energized wires can be damaged by such screws. This is a potential shock hazard, especially when screws are being removed or installed. Recommend that a qualified person replace such screws with screws that are approved for this purpose (e.g. blunt-tip screws of the correct length). Because energized wires may be in contact with these screws, the client should consider having a qualified electrician replace the screws.
Photo 65-1
66) Branch circuit wiring installed in buildings built prior to the mid 1980s is typically rated for a maximum temperature of only 60 degrees Celsius. This includes non-metallic sheathed (Romex) wiring, and both BX and AC metal-clad flexible wiring. Knob and tube wiring, typically installed in homes built prior to 1950, may be rated for even lower maximum temperatures. Newer electric fixtures including lighting and fans typically require wiring rated for 90 degrees Celsius. Connecting newer fixtures to older, 60-degree-rated wiring is a potential fire hazard. Repairs for such conditions may involve replacing the last few feet of wiring to newer fixtures with new 90-degree-rated wire, and installing a junction box to join the old and new wiring.
It is beyond the scope of this inspection to determine if such incompatible components are installed, or to determine the extent to which they're installed. Based on the age of this building, the client should be aware of this safety hazard, both for existing fixtures and when planning to upgrade with newer fixtures. Consult with a qualified electrician for repairs as necessary.
67) The legend for circuit breakers or fuses in panel(s) #A was missing, incomplete, illegible or confusing. This is a potential shock or fire hazard in the event of an emergency when power needs to be turned off. Recommend correcting the legend so it's accurate, complete and legible. Evaluation by a qualified electrician may be necessary.
Photo 67-1
68) One or more light fixtures were inoperable (didn't turn on when nearby switches were operated). Recommend further evaluation by replacing bulbs and/or consulting with the property owner. If replacing bulbs doesn't work and/or no other switch(es) can be found, then recommend that a qualified electrician evaluate and repair or replace light fixtures as necessary. BULBS NOT INSTALLED IN FIXTURE.
Photo 68-1
69) No doorbell was installed at the main entrance. The client wish to have one installed for convenience sake.
